They're sent into the tribunal system if they hit a critical mass of reports. Several of their reports are put together into a bundle which is then judged by players who volunteer to look at reports. If the majority agree that the person is guilty of violating the summoner's code, they are punished. Usually it's a warning or three first, and then a time ban (usually a day or two), then a longer time ban, eventually a perma ban. Before any bans, Riot employees review and approve the case, however.
Do you ever do the judging coz I do and some of the things that are said are hilarious and others make me hate the world even more :/
If I have helped in anyway at all a +rep will be appreciated lots

Thanks to LaCorpse, Hogopogo and JhoiJhoi for the amazing sigs
Lies wrote:
Riot employees actually kidnap them, and lock them up in an abandoned warehouse where they are starved to death. Then again, my info might be off.
No that's right.
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When I click on "report" button finished a match, whats happen to that summoner?
Can I know if I had been reported?
Thanks, I know I'm a bit noob but I'm here for that ^^