As we all noticed, at first all wukongs were kinda lame unless fed, so i started to pay attention to his skills and compared them to other champs to get an idea of how his gamestyle should be, and it ressembles a lot to Shaco. (he doesnt dive head on to teamfights, stealth and fast kills, etc.), hence hes not a fighter/bruiser as people tend to build him. So heres how i buid him, hope it suits you...

For runes I preffer Armor Pen. Marks and Quints. to maximize the damage and to be able to do some damage to tanks and off-tanks, flat armor Seals and flat magic ressist Glyphs to not get too much damage, specially in early game, because you´ll get focused, and even more if you are doing better than decent.

For Masteries I use 21/6/3 to be able to deal a lot of damage, have some armor and be able to stand more in line thanks to HP and MP regen.

For him I preffer attack speed, armor pen, damage and some lifesteal in early/mid-game, but for late-game I like to get a warmog, to have more survivability when everyone else is almost geared up.
The order I normally use is:
1-Boots of Speed + 1 HP pot.
2-Brutalizer + Boots of Mobility
3-B.F. Sword
4-Black Cleaver
5-Wriggle´s Lantern
6-Sheen + Phage
7-Trinity Force
8-Youmuu´s Ghostblade
9-Giant´s Belt
10-Warmog´s Armor

OF course you can modify this to adapt to the enemy team, if they are heavy AP you can get a Force of Nature; heavy dps ->Thornmail

In my oppinion it´s better to focus on your E and W, because they are your main harrasment, farming and escaping tools. And since your Q is a bit useless, I mean, at lvl 5 it deals 150 extra damage...that´s kinda lame past early game, but it always help, so I always level it up but dont focus on it because E deals more damage.

I use Flash and Ghost, because, as I said before, he is not the type to stay too long in the middle of a teamfight, so he has to be able to escape fast if focused, and return from other side to continue dealing massive damage.

I know that Wukong can Jungle, haven´t tried yet though, so I owe you this section, gonna try this later today and upload a vid.

As you are a Carry you NEED to get kills, so make sure to let the rest of your team know that so you dont get KSed too much, in teamfights fou DONT have to initiate, I know what you are thinking: "I have this awesome CC ult", but DONT, if you go in with E, then R or W then R you will surelly die...so let your tank engage, then turn on your Q and go in with E as soon as you hit use your W and start hitting enemies, use your Ult when everyone us arond 1/2 HP or so, so your team can get them all when they are disabled. If toy use your R yo start it will only last for a sec, so ir´ll only deal a bit of damage and you´ll die as soon as everyone hits the floor.

To farm the best is to use E then W, you can hit up to 3 with E and everithing around you with W, like that you should be able to farm quite nicely.