As a new player to League of Legends, I want to share an easy way to skip bronze and dominate in silver with an aggressive learning curve. I hope that this guide gets some attention and players can comment with tips and items to add to this guide to help new players. I've never played any games in bronze so I'd like more feedback from those players who are struggling.

League of Legends has an "item sets" tab that allows you to customize a build guide you can use in-game instead of the recommended section.
EVERY NEW PLAYER SHOULD USE IN-GAME ITEM SETS LIKE THE ONE ABOVE TO AVOID BAD ITEM CHOICES

Doran's Blade - is the go to start for an ad carry, one or two early game.

Health Potion and Mana Potion - are frequent buys for ad carries

Stealth Ward - is a good trinket for low elo solo queue

Sweeping Lens - good when your team refuses to switch to sweeping lens mid game

B. F. Sword - is a key piece to an early Bloodthirster. If you have enough gold it is the right purchase

Vampiric Scepter - gives early life steal that an ad carry needs to stay in his or her lane.

Long Sword - most cost efficient attack damage, can pick up 2 early for damage spike.

Boots - is necessary to travel after backing and to dodge skill shots of enemy champions in lane

Vision Ward - make farming not as risky away from turret, give sight to champs that gank while invisible.

Bloodthirster - standard adc item to rush. Will put a lot of pressure on other teams lane.

Zeal - is a component to a lot of attack speed items that you want to build after Bloodthirster. Only buy if you plan on building Statikk Shiv or Phantom Dancer second.

Last Whisper - build this when the enemy team has items with armor.

Berserker's Greaves - are the go to boots for the standard adc.

Infinity Edge - is the most expensive item you can build as an adc. It can be picked up earlier if you are ahead in gold and the enemy team isn't stacking armor against you.

Statikk Shiv - Less powerful attack speed item than Phantom Dancer but also costs less gold. The UNIQUE passive deals 100 magic damage to up to 4 targets which makes it ideal wave clearing. Necessary if your team lacks wave clear.

Phantom Dancer - basic attack speed and critical chance statistics. Its move through units passive can help newer player's pathing.

Trinity Force - Has a mix of many statistics but is powerful because of its passives. Good on Lucian, Corki, Ezreal that have basic attacks or abilities. Start with Phage for health or Sheen for bonus damage.

Blade of the Ruined King Is used for its active and usually replaces Bloodthirster because of its life steal on Twitch and certain Ezreal builds.

Zephyr - can replace boots as 6th item in extreme late game because of its movement speed.

Defensive Items are useful when you are getting killed by a champion that can easily focus you in team fights. Another reason would be when a player on the other team is fed, stack armor or magic resist depending on his items.

Banshee's Veil Gives health, magic resists, and protection from the next ability when not on cool down (25sec no damage). Good against poke abilities or gap closers from champions like Nidalee or Akali.

Guardian Angel Gives armor, magic resist, and a revive passive when not on cooldown (5min).

Randuin's Omen Give armor, health, slows when attacked, and an active that slows enemy movement. Only good vs. unusually heavy attack damage champions.

Mercurial Scimitar Gives attack damage and removes debuffs. Good against crowd control effects

Greater Stealth Totem 1min -> 3min ward, same 2 min cooldown

Better to use an active early than to forget you have it mid fight.
If you win a lane early, not taking the turret will deny gold and keep the other adc from farming close to their second turret.